Historical Continuities, Political Responsibilities: Unsettling Conceptual Blind-Spots in Ottoman and Turkish Studies

 

Graduate Student Conference

May 4-5, 2007

New York University and The Graduate Center, CUNY

unsettling.blindspots@gmail.com

 

As the historiography of the Ottoman Empire is still mostly excluded from the history of Europe, or only addressed as one of a formative 'other', this conference wants to bring into dialogue graduate students who are faced with the particular fall-outs of Ottoman historiography with regard to Turkey and the Middle East as well as the Balkans and Eastern Europe, where scholarship has predominantly focused on issues of post-socialism and Europeanization. Historically and conceptually rooted in the discipline of orientalist studies, much of the scholarship on regions formerly subsumed under different forms of Ottoman governance, be they in Europe or the Middle East, draws on a body of work that Talal Asad an Roger Owen aptly described to have sought to understand "non-European rule" "by looking for absent kinds of concepts 'liberty', 'progress', 'humanism' which are supposed to be distinctive of Western civilization" (1980, 35). More than 26 years later, the engagements with Edward Said's critique of Orientalism notwithstanding, this perspective has perpetuated a set of standardized narratives, such as the notion of "belated modernity", which has become an explanatory model for almost all political, economic and social problems throughout the Balkans, Turkey and the Middle East.

 

Through a rigorous discussion of the most prominent and central arguments on the transition from empires to nation-states, this workshop aims to break away from evaluations of the Ottoman Empire as well as the historical trajectory of its successor states that continue to operate along well-criticized dichotomous notions such as "tradition and modernity",  "religious and secular", "East and West". These concepts are employed in official state-narratives and academic discourses alike, although with often diametrically opposed intentions. This workshop is particularly intended to problematize the political and academic implications that this parallelism produces in regard to understanding the history of the Ottoman Empire as well as that of its former territories. We invite participants to critically examine how these concepts have been, and are, operationalized in both theory and practice when it comes to issues such  as "nationalism", "citizenship", "multiculturalism", "ethnic conflict", "identity", "secularism", "democratization", "state sovereignty" and the like.

 

Although sessions will be organized around the themes of submitted papers, one major emphasis will be on present-day Turkey. Here, we are particularly concerned with the many blind-spots that the conceptual framework of Ottoman and Turkish studies has created and perpetuated, among them the myth of radical rupture between the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic, the obscuration of the religious, ethnic and linguistic diversity of Anatolia through "retrospective Turkification", and the silences surrounding different forms of state violence -- such as the history of military coups, the Armenian genocide, the internal displacement of Kurds, and other measures of "population engineering". This workshop also seeks to question the ways in which critical approaches in the social sciences have recently attempted to change the public perception of Turkey's official historiography, while at the same time staying circumscribed by the very conceptual framework of the standardized narratives they seek to subvert.

 

For this interdisciplinary workshop, we invite contributions from graduate students in the social sciences and humanities whose work grapples with the above outlined conceptual limitations and blind-spots permeating the majority of Ottoman and Turkish Studies as well as related fields. Proposals need not necessarily be limited to present-day Turkey, and we look forward to submissions covering former Ottoman Empire territories. Finally, we encourage proposals that not only aim to advance alternative theoretical approaches, for instance, by employing a comparative framework, but that are also sensitive to the political implications and responsibilities of academic works in this area.

 

 

Conference Organizers

 

 

 

Conference Program


Friday May 4, 2007

NYU

 

8:45am            Breakfast/Registration/Introduction

9:30am            Welcome

 

9:45-11:30am Between Culture and Rights: Minorities in the

                        Ottoman Empire and Turkey

Discussant: Rıfat Bali (Independent Scholar)

 

Elizabeth Angell, (Independent Scholar)

“Inventing Hatay: Diversity and History in the Sanjak of Alexandretta”

 

İlker Cörüt (Boğaziçi University)

“A Critical Survey of Recent Literature on Non-Muslim Minorities in Ottoman-Turkish Historiography”

 

Ozan Aksoy (GC/CUNY)

“Blindspots in Music Scholarship of the Ottoman Era and Turkish Republic”

 

Öznur Akkuş (Independent Scholar)

“Strategies and memory in the aftermath of Genocide: The Armenians of Dersim”

 

Kabir Tambar (University of Chicago)

“Politics, Theology, Alevism”

 

 

11:45-1:00pm Center? Periphery?: Examples from Eastern           

                        Europe and the Caucasus

Discussant: Professor Kate Fleming (NYU)

 

Sabrina Peric (Harvard University)

“Subterranean encounters: geological landscapes and the political life of the Western Balkans”

 

Leyla Amzi (Columbia University)

“Identity and Migration in the Late Ottoman Period: The Case of Bosnian Muslims 1878 – 1914”

                       

Mary Taylor (GC/CUNY)

“Silences and Amplifications on the Turkic Past in Hungary”

 

1:30-2:30pm     Brownbag Talk with Professor Talal Asad 

(for conference participants only, room tba)

                       

3:00-4:45pm   Critiques of National Historiographies

Discussant:  Harris Mylonas (Yale University)

 

Peter Valenti (NYU)

“Bridging the Gulf: Creating a New Ottoman Historiography of the Emirates of the Persian Gulf: The Case of Qatar”

 

Sanem Güvenç-Salgırlı (SUNY Binghamton)

“Which State, Which Modernity? Specters of Nationalism in Turkish Historiography since the 1990s”

 

Seçil Yılmaz (Boğaziçi University) 

“Neo-Conservative Memory in Exhibition: Miniaturk”

 

Onur Özgöde (Columbia University)

“How to Put an Elephant into a Black Box: Problematization of the Past & Struggle over the Classification of 1915”

                      

Semi Ertan (University of Michigan)

“An Armenian at the Parliament in the early Republican Period: Berç Türker-Keresteciyan (1870-1949)”

 

5:00-6:30pm  Panel Discussion

Critical Inquiries into Emerging Discourses of Reconciliation in Turkey

Panel Chair: Bilgin Ayata (Johns Hopkins University)

Discussant: Marc Mamigonian (NAASR)

 

Ayda Erbal (NYU)

“Demystifying state formation, Facing the past in Israel and Turkey: Reconfigurations of Nakba and Medz Yeghern”

 

Banu Karaca (GC/CUNY)

“Aestheticizing Reconciliation: Between Empathy and Responsibility”

 

Arman Artuç (Editor, Hyetert)

“Selective Reconciliation: Where do the Istanbul Armenians fit in?”

 

Khatchig Mouradian (Haigazian University, Beirut -Editor, The Armenian Weekly, Boston

"‘An Earth-Shaking Storm’ in Spring: A Review of Armenian Genocide Memorial Day Editorials in Armenian-Language Political Newspapers”

 

 

7:00pm          Reception

 


Saturday May 5, 2007

Graduate Center, CUNY

 

9:30-11:00am    Beyond the Division of Islamic and Secular Law

Discussant: Christine Hegel (GC/CUNY)

 

Saneta DeVouno Powell (University of California at Berkeley, Boalt Hall School of Law)

“Solutions in the Source”

 

Nada Moumtaz (GC/CUNY)

“Interrogating law and private property: the Ottoman Land Code (1858) and the Lebanese Real Estate Property Code (1930) in a comparative perspective”

 

Faik Umut Őzsu (University of Toronto, Faculty of Law)

“‘Receiving’ the Swiss Civil Code: The Socio-Legal Reconfiguration of ‘Womankind’ in Early Republican Turkey”

                    

Ceren Özgül (GC/CUNY)

“Legal Conversions: Thinking about Violence, Religion and Legal Reform in the 19th Century Ottoman Empire”

 

11:15-12:45pm Movements of Capital and the Politics of Class

Discussant: Professor Donald Robotham (GC/CUNY)

 

Christian Sassmanshausen (Free University Berlin)

"Studying Urban Networks and Family Strategies in Late Ottoman Tripoli (Lebanon)"

 

Burak Gürel (Bogazici University/Yale University)

“Reassessing the suppressed alternatives: Antisystemic Political Movements in Iran and Turkey (1920-22)”

 

Şahan Savaş Karataşlı (Johns Hopkins University)

“Two Faces of Anti-imperialism, Two faces of Kemalism: Anti-imperialist Social Movements in the Early Republican Period (1923-1945)”

                        

Bedross Der Matossian (Columbia University)

“The Taboo within the Taboo: The Fate of the 'Armenian Capital' in the end of the Ottoman Empire."

 

12:45-2pm        Lunch

 

2pm-3:45pm     Belated Modernization?

Discussant: Professor Christine Philliou (Columbia University)

                        

Zeynep Gönen (SUNY Binghamton)

“Punishment, policing and regulation in Turkey, from the late nineteenth century to the present”

                        

Nurçin İleri (Boğaziçi University)

“The Illumination of the Istanbul Streets at the Turn of the Century”

 

Kadir Üstün (Columbia University)

“Rethinking the Origins of Ottoman and Turkish Modernization”

                       

Mehmet Döşemeci (Columbia University)

“Talking Turkey about Europe: The EEC and the Turkish Socio-imaginary”

 

Nurullah Ardıç (UCLA)

Islam and Secularism in Turkey: Confrontation or Accommodation?

 

 

4pm                  Wrap-up and Open Plenary

 

 

This conference is sponsored by: